Astronauti se po dlouhodob\u00e9m pobytu na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 stanici (ISS) ocitaj\u00ed v situaci, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje zna\u010dn\u00fd fyzick\u00fd i psychick\u00fd n\u00e1por. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed psycholo\u017eka Iva Pol\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1 \u0160olcov\u00e1 z Psychologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, adaptace na gravitaci a op\u011btovn\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed po n\u00e1vratu na Zemi jsou pro astronauty v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po v\u00edce ne\u017e dev\u00edti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch ve vesm\u00edru se ned\u00e1vno vr\u00e1tili ameri\u010dt\u00ed astronauti Butch Wilmore a Suni Williamsov\u00e1, kte\u0159\u00ed byli p\u016fvodn\u011b napl\u00e1nov\u00e1ni na mnohem krat\u0161\u00ed pobyt. \u201ePobyt ve vesm\u00edru zna\u010dn\u011b naru\u0161uje sp\u00e1nkov\u00fd re\u017eim a astronauti obvykle sp\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b, ne\u017e jejich t\u011blo pot\u0159ebuje. Po n\u00e1vratu se mus\u00ed znovu adaptovat na cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed rytmy,\u201c upozornila Pol\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1 \u0160olcov\u00e1 a dodala, \u017ee \u0161est a\u017e sedm hodin sp\u00e1nku je mezi astronauty extr\u00e9mn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1vrat do pozemsk\u00e9 gravitace p\u0159edstavuje pro organismus z\u00e1sadn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, nebo\u0165 dlouhodob\u00fd pobyt v mikrogravitaci m\u011bn\u00ed rozlo\u017een\u00ed t\u011bln\u00edch tekutin. \u201eReadaptace na gravitaci se st\u00e1v\u00e1 fyzickou, fyziologickou i psychickou v\u00fdzvou. I jednoduch\u00e9 \u00fakony jako n\u00e1dech a v\u00fddech mohou zp\u016fsobovat bolest,\u201c uvedla expertka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Adaptace na Zemi zahrnuje nejen fyziologick\u00e9 zm\u011bny, ale tak\u00e9 psychick\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se dynamick\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je biologicky a behavior\u00e1ln\u011b mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ve vesm\u00edru. Psycholo\u017eka pouk\u00e1zala na n\u00e1roky, kter\u00e9 astronauti za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v d\u016fsledku administrativn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee a medi\u00e1ln\u00ed pozornosti, kter\u00e9 na n\u011b dol\u00e9haj\u00ed po n\u00e1vratu. \u201eVe vesm\u00edru je informa\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ale po n\u00e1vratu se setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s mno\u017estv\u00edm podn\u011bt\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed,\u201c doplnila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed astronauti obvykle nepoci\u0165uj\u00ed odcizen\u00ed od sv\u00fdch bl\u00edzk\u00fdch, nebo\u0165 maj\u00ed k dispozici modern\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed technologie, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed pravideln\u00fd kontakt. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed astronauti dokonce uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kontakt s rodinou b\u011bhem mis\u00ed ne\u017e pozd\u011bji na Zemi, kde je jejich \u010das \u010dasto omezen\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpravami na dal\u0161\u00ed mise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Psychick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edprava na n\u00e1vrat se v\u011bt\u0161inou odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u011bhem rehabilitace, kde astronauti za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vysokou m\u00edru z\u00e1jmu ve\u0159ejnosti a m\u00e9di\u00ed o jejich z\u00e1\u017eitky. \u201eJejich programy jsou \u010dasto napln\u011bn\u00e9 na rok dop\u0159edu, tak\u017ee jejich mise pokra\u010duj\u00ed i po p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed na Zemi,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Pol\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1 \u0160olcov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Krom\u011b t\u011bchto fyziologick\u00fdch a psychick\u00fdch zm\u011bn astronauti \u010dasto proch\u00e1zej\u00ed transformovan\u00fdm vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm Zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 \u201eoverview efekt\u201c. Ten zahrnuje pocit hlub\u0161\u00edho respektu a l\u00e1sky k planet\u011b, kdy\u017e ji vid\u00ed jako celek bez hranic a konflikt\u016f. To b\u00fdv\u00e1 motivac\u00ed k anga\u017em\u00e1 v ochran\u011b \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dvojice astronaut\u016f Wilmore a Williamsov\u00e1 se na Zemi vr\u00e1tila ve st\u0159edu, p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm modulu Crew Dragon od SpaceX v Mexick\u00e9m z\u00e1livu. Jejich n\u00e1vrat znamen\u00e1 konec m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 expedice, kter\u00e1 za\u010dala 5. \u010dervna, av\u0161ak jejich cesta byla prodlou\u017eena kv\u016fli technick\u00fdm pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm s lod\u00ed Starliner od spole\u010dnosti Boeing. NASA proto rozhodla, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed rizika neumo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1vrat v t\u00e9to lodi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zdroj: \u010cTK<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Astronauti se po dlouhodob\u00e9m pobytu na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 stanici (ISS) ocitaj\u00ed v situaci, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje zna\u010dn\u00fd fyzick\u00fd i psychick\u00fd n\u00e1por. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed psycholo\u017eka Iva Pol\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1 \u0160olcov\u00e1 z Psychologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, adaptace na …\u010d\u00edst d\u00e1le<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":204,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=203"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":205,"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203\/revisions\/205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/204"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasregion-ustecko.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}